The Frederick County Council voted 6-1 against allowing the Church of Scientology to open a drug rehab facility near the presidential retreat at Camp David.
Narconon, which is funded by the Church of Scientology, wants to open a treatment center on a 40-acre retreat known as Trout Run, which also has hosted presidents.
The decision hinged on the property being designated historic.
Narconon officials said they may take the matter to court.